SYNE1/CPG2 and Glutamate Receptor Trafficking
SYNE1 is a large, alternatively transcribed gene that gives rise to multiple protein isoforms. These include CPG2—candidate plasticity gene 2—a brain- and synapse-specific protein localized to the postsynaptic endocytic zone of excitatory synapses.
Experimental studies have shown that CPG2 participates in the internalization of AMPA and NMDA glutamate receptors. Manipulating CPG2 expression can also affect dendritic spine size and glutamate receptor trafficking, supporting its role in synaptic membrane regulation and neuronal plasticity.
Research Markers Within the SYNE1/CPG2 Region
The noncoding variants rs4331993 and rs4343926 were identified during genetic research involving the SYNE1/CPG2 region and bipolar disorder cohorts. In the original sequencing study, rs4331993 was observed together with rs4343926 in the same individual.
These SNPs provide defined genetic backgrounds for research stratification. However, their individual effects on CPG2 expression, protein function, synaptic activity, or disease susceptibility have not been established.
A research-stratification marker for comparing neuronal donor backgrounds within the SYNE1/CPG2 region.
A complementary marker for genotype-stratified studies of the SYNE1/CPG2 region.
Research note: rs4331993 and rs4343926 are research-stratification markers. Neither SNP has been established independently as a diagnostic, prognostic, or predictive marker for bipolar disorder or another neurological condition.
Confirmed SYNE1 Genotype Status
| Cell Type | Catalog No. | SYNE1 rs4331993 | SYNE1 rs4343926 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Human Neurons | Cat. #1520 | T/T T/A A/A | A/A A/G G/G |
Defined Genetic Backgrounds for Neuronal Research
Control a Known Genetic Variable
Selecting neurons with a defined SYNE1-region genotype allows researchers to account for one known source of genetic variation when designing donor-comparison studies.
Compare Defined Donor Backgrounds
Evaluate neurons carrying different rs4331993 or rs4343926 genotypes under consistent experimental conditions.
Study Biology Related to the SYNE1/CPG2 Locus
Use a biologically relevant neuronal model to investigate pathways connected to glutamate receptor trafficking, postsynaptic endocytosis, and synaptic structure.
Work in a Primary Human Cell Model
Primary human neurons retain naturally occurring donor genotypes and allow genotype-stratified research without introducing an artificial overexpression or genome-editing step.
Donor cells differ at many genetic and biological variables beyond these two SNPs. Experiments should include appropriate biological replicates and, when possible, multiple donors per genotype.
SYNE1 genotype-defined Human Neurons may support studies involving
The functional consequences of rs4331993 and rs4343926 should be determined experimentally in the context of the intended model and study design.
Requesting SYNE1 Genotype-Defined Human Neurons
To request SYNE1 genotype-defined Human Neurons:
Specify the Cell Type
Specify Human Neurons, Cat. #1520.
Indicate the Genotype
Indicate the requested rs4331993 and/or rs4343926 genotype.
Confirm Availability
Contact ScienCell to confirm current donor and genotype availability.
Genotype availability varies by lot. An additional genotype-selection fee applies per vial. The confirmed genotype will be reported on the lot-specific Certificate of Analysis.
Please note that availability varies by genotype and donor lot. A selection and verification fee will be applied per vial and reflected in your quote.
For information on available genotypes, assistance selecting the right cells, or inquiries about additional genotypes and cell types, please contact us at info@sciencellonline.com, or call 1.877.602.8549.
Selected References
- Cottrell JR et al. CPG2: A brain- and synapse-specific protein that regulates the endocytosis of glutamate receptors.
- Loebrich S et al. Regulation of glutamate receptor internalization by the spine cytoskeleton is mediated by its PKA-dependent association with CPG2.
- Sharp SI et al. Identification of rare nonsynonymous variants in SYNE1/CPG2 in bipolar affective disorder.
- Rathje M et al. Genetic variants in the bipolar disorder risk locus SYNE1 that affect CPG2 expression and protein function.